Speaking is "the process of building and sharing meaning through
the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts"
(Chaney, 1998, p. 13). Speaking is a
crucial part of second language learning and teaching.
Today's world requires that the goal of teaching
speaking should improve students' communicative skills.
From the presentation Teaching Speaking by my classmates group one, I learnt
what is speaking, principle for teaching, speaking fluency and accuracy,
provide opportunities for student, plan speaking tasks, design classroom
activities, classroom techniques and tasks and the teacher’s roles in speaking
activities. They were used power point to present all about the aforementioned
topics.
The first point is the meaning
of speaking. They presented that many people feel that speaking in a new
language is harder than reading or writing. Speaking happens in real time and
when you speak you cannot edit or revise what you wish to say. Second point was
the principle for teaching speaking. They said that be aware of the difference
between second language and foreign language learning contexts. A second
language context is the language of communication in the society. The third
point was give students practice with both fluency and accuracy. Accuracy is
the text to which students’ speech matches what people actually say when they
use the target language. The forth point was provide opportunities for students
to talk by using group work or pair work and limiting teacher talk. The fifth
point was plan speaking tasks that involve negotiation for meaning. Besides,
design classroom activities that involve guidance and practice in both transitional
and interactional speaking. More interestingly, they presented classroom
techniques and tasks. Namely, information gap, jigsaw activities, the hot seat,
Interview the picture, Turning on inner voice, Buzz groups, from sentence to
discussion, prompt cards, reaching a consensus, pyramid discussion, telling
stories, making oral presentation, simulation and role-plays. The last point
was the teacher’s roles in speaking activities. What is more, teachers need to
be a prompter pushing student forward, suggesting things they might say next
and helping them out of difficulties. Teachers may also need to keep on encouraging
them to speak in English rather than using their first language.
All in all, speaking is the delivery of language
through the mouth. To speak, we create sounds using many parts of our
body, including the lungs, vocal tract, vocal chords, tongue, teeth and lips. Speaking
is probably the language skill that most language learners wish to perfect as
soon as possible. It used to be the only language skill that was difficult to practice.
More importantly, teaching speaking is very important for teachers to
know deeply how to teach students effectively. As the teacher in the future, I
will try my best to learn how to teach speaking effectively.
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